The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain from June 1812 to the spring of 1815, although the peace treaty ending the war was signed in Europe in December 1814. The main land fighting of the war occurred along the Canadian border, in the Chesapeake Bay region, and along the Gulf of Mexico; extensive action also took place at sea.
Different Battles
The Battle of the Brass: The battle of Bladensburg in August 1814 was the only battle in American history where the President, the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Navy and the Secretary of State were all present. The Americans lost.
The Battle of York: The Battle of York was a battle of the War of 1812 fought on 27 April, 1813, at York, Upper Canada, which is now known as Toronto.
The Battle of Baltimore: In the Battle of Baltimore, one of the turning points in the War of 1812, American forces warded off a British sea invasion of the busy port city of Baltimore, Maryland. The American defense of Baltimore’s Fort McHenry in this battle inspired Francis Scott Key to write the poem which would become the national anthem of the United States: "The Star-Spangled Banner."
The Battle of Chippawa: was a victory for the United States Army in the War of 1812, during an invasion of Upper Canada along the Niagara River on July 5, 1814.
The Battle of New Orleans: took place on January 8, 1815, and was the final major battle of the War of 1812. American forces, commanded by General Andrew Jackson, defeated an invading British Army intent on seizing New Orleans and the vast territory America had acquired with the Louisiana Purchase. The Treaty of Ghent had been signed on 24 December 1814, but news of the peace would not reach the combatants until February. The battle is often regarded as the greatest American land victory of the war.
Tippecanoe: November 7, 1811 victory by General Harrison, in which he destroyed the headquarters of Tecumseh's Indian confederation. Although the US forces suffered heavy losses, Harrison was considered a victor and a hero, and he used the slogan "Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!" in his later successful bid for the presidency
Important People
Andrew Jackson- was commissioned as brigadier general and then major general in the War of 1812. On November 7, 1814 Jackson drove the British from Florida and captured the town of Pensacola. He became a national hero when he defeated the British in The Battle of New Orleans.
Oliver Hazard Perry- became famous for his exploits during the War of 1812. As commander of U.S. Naval forces at Lake Erie, Perry organized the construction of a small fleet of naval vessels at what is now Erie, Pennsylvania.
Tecumseh- and his warriors participated in many major battles of the War of 1812, and helped General Isaac Brock take the American stronghold at Detroit. In October of 1813, however, Tecumseh was killed in the Battle of Thames in present day Ontario, Canada.
Thursday, November 19, 2009
The Titanic
The Titanic
On April 10th 1912 the Titanic sailed from Southampton with 2,200 passengers and crew, four days later the Titanic collided with an iceberg and sank. 1500 people died and 700 survived. The Titanic was called “The Ship of Dreams”.
Time Line
-1911, 31st May 12:00 am Titanic is Launched
-1912, 14th April 11:40 pm Frederick Fleet sights an Iceberg
-1912, 15th April 2:20 am Titanic Sinks
-1912, 18th April 9:00 pm Carpathia arrives in New York with Titanic survivors
-1985, 1st September 12:00 am Wreck of Titanic discovered
Facts
+The gash that the iceberg cut into the Titanic was between 220 to 245 feet long. The total length of the ship was about 882 feet.
+The temperature of the Atlantic at the time of sinking was 31 degrees.
+Passengers rode the stationary bicycles in the Gymnasium to pass time before the ship sank!
+The Titanic lies 12,600 feet (over 2.33 miles) at the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean, and the two pieces of the Titanic lay 1,970 feet apart.
+Unfortunately the ship was loaded with only 20 lifeboats, which were not enough for the amount of people onboard.
+When loaded, the Titanic weighed 46,328 tons!
/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
Shortly before midnight on April 14, 1912, four days after the Titanic set sail, The Titanic sunk slowly about and hour and a half then it split into two pieces and the front part was still hanging on to the back of it which pulled the back straight up into the air then broke off the back half hovered there for a few minutes then went straight down and into the ocean at about 2:20.In Memory of everyone who didn’t make it that day
The Paranormal
Paranormal EnergyThere are different names for the paranormal energy some of them are ghosts, angels, demons and orbs. Some can hurt us like demons and some can help us like angels some can be confused about death and some may not even know they are dead. The supernatural come in many ages some can be young and some are old but they stay the same age as when they died and some may look the as they did when they died. The paranormal are also different in other cultures some come as a threat and others are like gods, like in Egypt they are gods from the underworld and in china some can be bad and some can be good it depends on the culture of the people.
Ghost Sightings in Wausau
+The ghost of a guy having half his head gone is rumored to have been witnessed on a handful of instances drifting along Big Rib River at night.
+A decapitated lady can now and then be made out staring at an old woman snoozing on the floor in a home in Wausau. It has been claimed that this exact phantom is probably the struggling phantom of a local person who used to have a home here in Wausau.
+The ghost of a pregnant woman was seen in a Wausau secondary school in the early morning hours before sunrise striding the halls. The spirit mumbled about avenging a homicide.
+The earliest reports of ghostly activity at the Grand are from the 1950's when workers reported movie canisters being moved from the upstairs projection room to the lobby. Over the years other manifestations have been reported including phantom footsteps, apparitions, electrical malfunctions, cold spots, and areas that are just creepy to be in.
Angels
Angles are known to serve god and they are said to live in heaven except for guardian angels who are supposed to look after a certain person with a good soul and worships god as they do. (Some peolpe do not believe in Angels because of their religion)
Demons
Demons are said to come from Satan or also known as the devil. Most demons that are on earth hurt and kill people but that is not a proven theory, we can not be positive that anything paranormal is real but then how did the stories start?
Orbs
An orb is a beam of light that is known to be paranormal it is said that orbs are a lost spirit looking for its soul but some people don’t even believe in them or ghosts. Orbs are all different sizes but it always seems the shape stays the same(circle/oval shape).
Stars
SPACE
BLACK HOLES
There are many popular myths concerning black holes, Hollywood makes up mostly what we know about them. Television and movies have
portrayed them as time-traveling tunnels to another dimension,
cosmic vacuum cleaners sucking up everything in sight, and so
on. It can be said that black holes are really just the evolutionary
end point of massive stars. But somehow, this simple
explanation makes them no easier to understand or less mysterious.
NEBULA
Gas, dust and debris from star explosions and around star forming regions are called nebulae. A nebula can reflect light or absorb light.
The Great Orion Nebula in the sword of Orion Stars are being formed in the cloud of gas and dust.
The Eagle Nebula in the constellation Aquila. You can see the darker clouds in the center look like a diving eagle.
This emission nebula glows red because of hot hydrogen atoms.
GALAXIES
A galaxy is like an island in space made up of gas, dust and millions of stars. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, includes about a trillion (a thousand billion) stars in a disk shape. The Andromeda Galaxy and two companion galaxies. It is over 2.4 million light-years away from us.
HOT DARK MATTER AND COLD DARK MATTER
Discussions of dark matter typically consider two extremes
-Hot Dark Matter
-Cold Dark Matter
Hot dark matter is composed of particles that have zero or near-zero mass.
Cold dark matter is composed of objects sufficiently massive that they move at sub-relativistic velocities.
PULSARS
Pulsars are rotating neutron stars. And pulsars appear to pulse because they rotate
QUASAR
Quasar is a very energetic and distant galaxy with an active galactic nucleus.
TYPES OR STARS
BLACK HOLES
There are many popular myths concerning black holes, Hollywood makes up mostly what we know about them. Television and movies have
portrayed them as time-traveling tunnels to another dimension,
cosmic vacuum cleaners sucking up everything in sight, and so
on. It can be said that black holes are really just the evolutionary
end point of massive stars. But somehow, this simple
explanation makes them no easier to understand or less mysterious.
NEBULA
Gas, dust and debris from star explosions and around star forming regions are called nebulae. A nebula can reflect light or absorb light.
The Great Orion Nebula in the sword of Orion Stars are being formed in the cloud of gas and dust.
The Eagle Nebula in the constellation Aquila. You can see the darker clouds in the center look like a diving eagle.This emission nebula glows red because of hot hydrogen atoms.
GALAXIES
A galaxy is like an island in space made up of gas, dust and millions of stars. Our own galaxy, the Milky Way, includes about a trillion (a thousand billion) stars in a disk shape. The Andromeda Galaxy and two companion galaxies. It is over 2.4 million light-years away from us.
HOT DARK MATTER AND COLD DARK MATTER
Discussions of dark matter typically consider two extremes
-Hot Dark Matter
-Cold Dark Matter
Hot dark matter is composed of particles that have zero or near-zero mass.
Cold dark matter is composed of objects sufficiently massive that they move at sub-relativistic velocities.
PULSARS
Pulsars are rotating neutron stars. And pulsars appear to pulse because they rotate
QUASAR
Quasar is a very energetic and distant galaxy with an active galactic nucleus.
TYPES OR STARS
Black Dwarf
It is the remains of a dead white dwarf star after its heat is radiated into space.
Black Hole
It is what remains of a super collapsed star, whose gravitational pull is so great that no light can escape.
Brown Dwarf
It is a star whose mass is too small to have fusion occur at its core.
Neutron Star
It is the tiniest star, having collapsed into a super dense state. It is thought to have formed when a large star exploded as a supernova.
Nova
It is a star that brightens suddenly, lasts a few days, fades away, and returns to its normal state.
Red Giant
It is a large, bright star, many times larger than the Sun, but with a cool surface. It is believed to be in the end stage of its life cycle.
Spontaneous Combustion
When u Spontaneously Combust its where u all of a sudden burst into flames.
Here are some theories to why it could start:
Theories:
To combust, a human body needs two things: intensely high heat and a flammable substance. Under normal circumstances, our bodies contain neither, but some scientists over the last several centuries have speculated on a few possible explanations for the occurrence.
1. Drinking to much alcohol or having to much in the body, like in the book Bleak House
The character Krook, was an alcoholic, following the belief at the time that spontaneous human combustion was caused by excessive amounts of alcohol in the body.
2.fire is sparked when methane (a flammable gas produced when plants decompose) builds up in the intestines and is ignited by enzymes (proteins in the body).
Surprisingly no one has combusted by a burning candle, cigar, cigarette, or pipe.
How it works
Stage 1: While unconscious, the victims clothing is ignited by an external heat force.
Stage 2: Over the course of a few hours, the heat from the flames melts the body fat and soaks into the clothing this acts like the wax in a candle to keep the clothing burning steadily for a long time.
Stage 3: The fuel provided by fat subjects the body to the intense heat for a long period of time. Eventually most of the body that is covered by large amounts of fat and burning clothing is destroyed and reduced by ash.
Salem Witch Trials
Salem Witch Trials
Almost 100 years before the Declaration of Independence was signed and the United States began a country of its own, North America was home to many British colonies, including the colony of Massachusetts. It was here that Puritan colonists held the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.
The Crucible:
A true tale, the story is of a group of girls that claim they were taken over by the devil and then the devil supposedly left and gave them power to see him so because they can see the devil they claimed Satan was talking to the “witches” and telling the “witches” what to say and what to do, the girls claim that those who were supposedly talking to Satan had sent their spirit to the girls in the middle of the night, to claw at there eyes and do horrible things.
There was a total of 24 deaths during the Salem Witch Trials. They began on March 1st, 1692 and the last trial was held on November 25th, 1693. 4 of the people that were accused of witchcraft died in the jails, but 20 of the deaths occurred during or shortly after their trials. This was because they refused to accuse someone else of witchcraft or they didn't admit to being a "witch".
Facts
+Bridget Bishop- First person to be put to death during the Salem Witch Trials and she was hanged on June 10th, 1692 in Salem.
+All in all, witch trials started because of indignity, injustice, and unfairness.
+The very last execution is believed to have taken place in 1811.
Almost 100 years before the Declaration of Independence was signed and the United States began a country of its own, North America was home to many British colonies, including the colony of Massachusetts. It was here that Puritan colonists held the Salem Witch Trials of 1692.
The Crucible:
A true tale, the story is of a group of girls that claim they were taken over by the devil and then the devil supposedly left and gave them power to see him so because they can see the devil they claimed Satan was talking to the “witches” and telling the “witches” what to say and what to do, the girls claim that those who were supposedly talking to Satan had sent their spirit to the girls in the middle of the night, to claw at there eyes and do horrible things.
There was a total of 24 deaths during the Salem Witch Trials. They began on March 1st, 1692 and the last trial was held on November 25th, 1693. 4 of the people that were accused of witchcraft died in the jails, but 20 of the deaths occurred during or shortly after their trials. This was because they refused to accuse someone else of witchcraft or they didn't admit to being a "witch".
Facts
+Bridget Bishop- First person to be put to death during the Salem Witch Trials and she was hanged on June 10th, 1692 in Salem.
+All in all, witch trials started because of indignity, injustice, and unfairness.
+The very last execution is believed to have taken place in 1811.
Pirates
Pirates
Piracy is a war like act only in smaller parties, especially robbery or criminal violence on the sea. The term has been used to refer to raids across land borders by non-state actors. Piracy should be distinguished from privateering, which was a legitimate form of war-like activity by non-state actors, authorized by their national authorities, until this form of commerce raiding was outlawed in the 19th century.
Life at sea
Its safe to assume that life at sea was one great bore for pirates. Sailing meant weeks of boredom while searching for prey, with only intermittent bursts of excitement as victims were sighted boarded and then attacked. Pirates would stock up on bottled beer before a long voyage, as water would soon become undrinkable, due to its salty taste. The pirates primarily ate hard tack (long-lasting biscuits); although for longer voyages limes would be provided as a source of vitamin c. If they were lucky, the pirates would have a few hens on board the ship, which would provide both fresh eggs and meat. The pirates found a seemingly unlimited supply of meat with the turtles that thrived in the Caribbean. As well as being delicious, these turtles were easy prey for the pirates.
Myths
~Pirates don’t say “arrrrggg”
~They don’t make people walk the plank the throw people over board though.
~Pirates pierced their ears, not to look cool, but because it was believed that piercing the ears with such precious metals as silver and gold, improved there eyesight. Even relatively respectable sea faring men indulged in the practice.
~“Davy Jones' Locker” is slang for the devil so when someone would say your going to Davy Jones' Locker it meant you were going to hell.
~No one has actually ever found a real pirate’s buried treasure map. Never too far from death, most pirates tried to enjoy their money quickly. At any rate, there aren’t any maps around today, unless some are still cleverly hidden.
~As early as 1611 there are written accounts describing a person who brings bad luck to a ship as a “Jonah”. If a man was marked as a Jonah, he was doomed to be thrown overboard. If the trouble persisted, the pirates suspected they’d thrown the wrong man overboard and would sometimes toss the original accuser overboard to appease the ghost of the innocent man!
~For example pirate hooks probably came from the movie "Peter Pan". Peg legs and parrots became famous from the classic “Treasure Island“.
The Pirate Code
1. Everyone shall obey orders.
2. Booty shall be shared as followed: 1 1/2 goes to the captain; 1 goes to ordinary sailors; and 1/4 shares goes to the gunner, boatswain, and master carpenter.
3. Anyone keeping a secret of attempting to desert will be marooned. He will be left with a flask of gunpowder, a bottle of water, and a gun with one bullet.
4. The punishment for hitting a man is 40 lashes on the bare back.
5. Anyone being lazy or failing to clean his weapons will lose his share of booty.
6. Everyone may vote on all important decisions.
7. Everyone may have a share of captured drink and fresh food.
8. Anyone found stealing from another member of the crew will have his ears and nose spilt open and be set ashore
9. Gambling with cards and money is forbidden.
10. The penalty for bringing a woman aboard in disguise is death.
11. No one may leave the crew until each man has made 1,100 pounds.
12. The compensation of losing a limb is 800 silver dollars.
Parts of the ship
Piracy is a war like act only in smaller parties, especially robbery or criminal violence on the sea. The term has been used to refer to raids across land borders by non-state actors. Piracy should be distinguished from privateering, which was a legitimate form of war-like activity by non-state actors, authorized by their national authorities, until this form of commerce raiding was outlawed in the 19th century.
Life at sea
Its safe to assume that life at sea was one great bore for pirates. Sailing meant weeks of boredom while searching for prey, with only intermittent bursts of excitement as victims were sighted boarded and then attacked. Pirates would stock up on bottled beer before a long voyage, as water would soon become undrinkable, due to its salty taste. The pirates primarily ate hard tack (long-lasting biscuits); although for longer voyages limes would be provided as a source of vitamin c. If they were lucky, the pirates would have a few hens on board the ship, which would provide both fresh eggs and meat. The pirates found a seemingly unlimited supply of meat with the turtles that thrived in the Caribbean. As well as being delicious, these turtles were easy prey for the pirates.
Myths
~Pirates don’t say “arrrrggg”
~They don’t make people walk the plank the throw people over board though.
~Pirates pierced their ears, not to look cool, but because it was believed that piercing the ears with such precious metals as silver and gold, improved there eyesight. Even relatively respectable sea faring men indulged in the practice.
~“Davy Jones' Locker” is slang for the devil so when someone would say your going to Davy Jones' Locker it meant you were going to hell.
~No one has actually ever found a real pirate’s buried treasure map. Never too far from death, most pirates tried to enjoy their money quickly. At any rate, there aren’t any maps around today, unless some are still cleverly hidden.
~As early as 1611 there are written accounts describing a person who brings bad luck to a ship as a “Jonah”. If a man was marked as a Jonah, he was doomed to be thrown overboard. If the trouble persisted, the pirates suspected they’d thrown the wrong man overboard and would sometimes toss the original accuser overboard to appease the ghost of the innocent man!
~For example pirate hooks probably came from the movie "Peter Pan". Peg legs and parrots became famous from the classic “Treasure Island“.
The Pirate Code
1. Everyone shall obey orders.
2. Booty shall be shared as followed: 1 1/2 goes to the captain; 1 goes to ordinary sailors; and 1/4 shares goes to the gunner, boatswain, and master carpenter.
3. Anyone keeping a secret of attempting to desert will be marooned. He will be left with a flask of gunpowder, a bottle of water, and a gun with one bullet.
4. The punishment for hitting a man is 40 lashes on the bare back.
5. Anyone being lazy or failing to clean his weapons will lose his share of booty.
6. Everyone may vote on all important decisions.
7. Everyone may have a share of captured drink and fresh food.
8. Anyone found stealing from another member of the crew will have his ears and nose spilt open and be set ashore
9. Gambling with cards and money is forbidden.
10. The penalty for bringing a woman aboard in disguise is death.
11. No one may leave the crew until each man has made 1,100 pounds.
12. The compensation of losing a limb is 800 silver dollars.
Parts of the ship
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